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- Contents -
Audio and Video Examples
Preface
Chapter 1 - Digital Principles
Analog Recording
Analog Versus Digital
Physical Properties of Sound
Amplitude
Frequency
Velocity
Wavelength
Envelope
Harmonic Content
Phase
Digital Theory
What's So Good about Digital Recording?
Bits/Bytes/Words
Advantage of Binary Code
Pulse Code Modulation (PCM)
Direct Stream Digital (DSD)
Samples
Quantization/Bits
Bit Rate
Aliasing
RAM Buffer
Sample Rates
Dither/Quantization Error
Noise Shaping
Converters
Oversampling
Dynamic Range
Format Conversion
Errors
Data Detection
Error Detection
Error Correction
Testing Errors on CD/DVD
CD and DVD Copy Systems
Troubleshooting
High-Definition Audio Formats
SACD
DVD-Audio
Data Compression for DVD and CD Applications
Lossless Data Compression
Lossy Data Compression
Digital Recording, Transmission, and Playback Formats
AES/EBU
S/PDIF
SDIF-1
SDIF-2
SMDI
MADI
DASH
Internet
Digital Audio File Formats
Sound Designer and Sound Designer II
AIFF-Apple's Audio Interchange File Format
WAV-Windows Audio File Format
QuickTime
RealAudio
SND Resource
WMA
MP3
MP4
AAC
Other Playback Formats
Data Storage and Playback Media
CD-Compact Disc
HD-CD
CD-R and CD-RW - Recordable and Rewriteable Compact Disc
DAT
MiniDisc
Hard Drive
DVD
Different DVD Media Types
Printable Media
DLT
FireWire Drives
RAID Arrays
Blu-Ray Disc
Data Backup
The Problem with Backing Up to CD-R, DVD-R, or Blu-Ray
Backing Up to Auxiliary Hard Drives
Backup Utilities
Conclusion
Chapter 2 - Recording Software
Differences between Hard Disk and Tape-Based Recording
Linear Versus Nonlinear
Destructive Versus Nondestructive Editing
Number of Tracks and Takes
Terms Common to Hard Disk Recording
Track
Voice
Take/Playlist
Channel
Crossfade
Audio Engine
DSP
Pre-Roll
Post-Roll
Dedicated Proprietary Systems
The Upside
The Downside
Personal Computer-Based Recording Systems
The Upside
The Downside
Audio Recording Software Packages
Pro Tools by Avid (Windows and Mac)
Digital Performer by Mark of the Unicorn (Mac)
Nuendo and Cubase by Steinberg/Yamaha (Windows and Mac)
Cakewalk and Sonar by Roland (Windows)
Logic Pro by Apple (Mac)
ACID by Sony Creative Software (Windows)
Features You Should Expect in Your Software
Intuitive User Interface
HD Audio Capabilities
Virtual Instrument Capabilities
Surround Sound Support
MIDI Sequencer
Multiple Options for Audio Interfaces
Excellent Organizational Architecture
Event List
Graphic Editor
Notation Editor
Drum Editor
Waveform Editor
Mixer
Automation
Data Conversion In and Out
MIDI Effects Plug-Ins
Audio Effects Plug-Ins
MIDI and Audio Transposition
Beat Detection and Automatic Alignment
Multiple Synchronization Options
MIDI Event Quantizing Options
Easy Archival of Files
Provision for Most Hardware Control Surfaces
Easy Integration of Pre-Recorded Loops
Download Demos
A Bird's Eye View of What's Available
Acid Pro
Cubase
Digital Performer
Finale
FL Studio
Live
Logic Pro
Nuendo
Ozone
Pro Tools 9
Pro Tools 10
Reason
Record
Sibelius
Sonar X1, Producer, Studio, and Essential
Studio One
WaveLab
Chapter 3 - Digital Editing
The Basics
Nondestructive Editing
Destructive Editing
Playlist/Edit Decision List/Tracks
RAM Buffer
Latency
Gain Change/Normalizing
Cut, Copy, and Paste
Undo, Redo, Save, Revert to Saved
Save
Save As/Save a Copy As/Save a Copy In
Pencil Editing
Smoothing
Preview Mode
Fades
Crossfades
Non-Zero Crossings
Linear Fade
Curve Fade
S-Curve
Overlap Fade
Equal Gain
Equal Power
Pre-Roll/Post-Roll
Online/Offline
Modern Digital Editing
Sound Files
Waveform View
Punch-In
Auto Record
Channels, Tracks, and Takes
Comping
Tuning
Finding the Groove
Quantizing Audio Segments
Moving Audio Segments
Spot Mode
Slip Mode
Grid Mode
Shuffle Mode
Multitrack Backing Vocals
Breaths
Entrances
Releases
Intonation
Detuning
Readjusting Formants
Fills, Frills, and Licks
Chapter 4 - Broadcast Audio
Speech Editing
Voice-Over
Timing
Ambience
Problematic Edits
Breaths
Time Compression/Expansion
ADR/Foley
ADR
Foley
Getting the Program Ready for the Air
Normalize
Compression
Music
Chapter 5 - Digital Recording Hardware
Comparison of MDMs to Computer-Based Systems
Self-Contained Digital Systems
Samplers
Sampling Keyboard Functions
Hardware Ingredients of a Software-Based System
The Digital Audio Interface
Clock Source
MIDI Interface
Mixers
Mixdown Recorders
Chapter 6 - Networking
Bus Connections
SDS
SCSI/Fast and Wide SCSI-2 and SCSI-3
IDE/ATA
FireWire
Network and Online Data Transfer Rates
LocalTalk
AppleTalk
Ethernet
Phone Modem
High-Speed Cable and DSL Modems
ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network)
T-1
T-3
USB 1
USB 2
USB 3
Thunderbolt
Sharing Data
Distributed Audio Processing
Pro Tools Large Systems
Chapter 7 - Plug-Ins
The Concept of Software Plug-Ins
How to Handle Increased Demands on Your CPU and Drives
Real-Time and Rendered Plug-Ins
Real-Time Plug-Ins
Rendered Plug-Ins
Drives and RAM
Hard Drives
RAM
Fragmentation
The Benefits of Software Plug-Ins
Plug-In Formats
The Pioneers of Plug-Ins
The Two Operational Types of Plug-Ins
Native Processing-Based Plug-Ins
DSP Hardware-Based Plug-Ins
PCI Hardware
FireWire Hardware
Latency
The Five Functional Types of Plug-Ins
Track-Based Plug-Ins
Bus-Based Plug-Ins
Mix-Based Plug-Ins
Analysis Plug-Ins
Virtual Instrument Plug-Ins
Wrappers
Finding and Choosing Plug-Ins
Freeware Plug-Ins
Shareware Plug-Ins
Blogs, Bulletin Boards, and User Groups
Making the Transition to Commercial Plug-Ins
Internet Paid Download
Hard Copy Packaged Plug-Ins
Mail Order or Music Store?
Considerations for the Use of Plug-Ins
Limitations
Assessing Plug-Ins
Dynamic Plug-Ins
Equalization Plug-Ins
Reverberation Effects
Sound Effects Plug-Ins
Tuning Plug-Ins
Virtual Instruments
Guitar Plug-Ins
Mastering Plug-Ins
Additiona Plug-Ins
More Plug-Ins
Waves GTR Stomp
Chapter 8 - Synchronization
The Basics of Synchronization
Time Code and Sync Pulse
Sync Pulse
SMPTE/Time Code
MIDI Time Code
Using Time Code
Uses for System Synchronization
MIDI to Audio Sync
MIDI to MIDI Sync
Analog-to-Analog Synchronization
Digital-to-Digital Sync
MIDI Machine Control (MMC)
Variations in Accuracy
Various Sync Formats
Internal
MTC
SMPTE (LTC)
Video Sync
VITC
Word 1x
Word 256x
S/PDIF and AES/EBU
SDIF-2 and MADI
Proprietary Sync Systems
ADAT and DA-88 Sync
Index
Test Answers
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